Other
Careers Information
"There
is no such thing as a career path - it is crazy paving and you
have to
lay it yourself." Dominic Cadbury (from the quotations section)

My old office in Germany
... please note the atrocious approach towards documentation
management!
First impressions
that count
Taken from a very old photocopied
careers hand-out.
It is perfectly possible to leave
a job interview feeling frustrated and bewildered. Here are some
of the things that can go right but also very wrong
A good many years back I recall emerging
from a job interview in a state of complete bewilderment. I felt
I had acquitted myself abominably. Not one question had I answered
with even an ounce of flair. It was clear that before I submitted
myself to another experience of this kind I would have to brush
up my interview technique.
No one was as surprised as I was when
the organisation in question offered me a position. After my unpolished
performance they must have been pretty desperate. But looking back
on the event I think I can discern the cause of the problem. It
was not so much that I the interviewee was at fault, but that the
conduct of the interview had been so bizarre.
Most people prepare for an interview
in the belief that the meeting will follow a certain logical pattern.
A good interviewer starts off by putting you at ease, goes on to
review your background and experience, and then tries to assess
how you would cope with the job you are after. A really competent
one will be content to let you do most of the talking, interrupting
just occasionally to extract information or move the discussion
on to another topic. Generally speaking, an interview along these
lines will afford
you ample opportunity to give an account of yourself
and your ideas.
Unfortunately, not all interviewers
even approach the ideal, and while you can usually count on recruitment
consultants and personnel officials having been properly trained
in the mysteries of selection, it is best to assume that anyone
else you meet has not until proved otherwise.
Some interviewers appear to be completely
at sea, and you get the impression that they have been detailed
to carry out this vital task much against their better judgment.
They need something to cling to for reassurance, and this generally
turns out to be your cv or application form. As a consequence,
the exercise turns out not to be an interview at all, but a detail
checking session.
"So you're Arnold Cuthbertson." (Yes). "Born
in Keswick, were you?" (Yes). "And you're married?" (Yes). "I see
your address is in Harrogate." (That's right) - and so it goes
on. There is a strong temptation to provide more elaborate answers,
but this does not necessarily work. The poor chap might be put
off his stroke and start confusing your educational attainments
with your work experience.
When he actually gets round to an open-ended
question (one that cannot be answered yes or no) it may be entirely
irrelevant. Don't get steamed up about this. After all, he's only
doing his best. But you must resist the urge to take over the interiew.
Your best policy is to cope as best you can with his queries and
try to put him at his ease. This may sound a tall order if you
are pretty nervous yourself, but you may well earn his gratitude
in the long run.
And that's the whole point. If the
man behind the desk feels satisfied with the way the interview
is going, you are bound to go up in his esteem.
There is another type of interviewer
who exudes complete self-confidence, so much so that it is difficult
for you to get a word in edgeways. He is likely to chunter on endlessly
about the job or the organisation quite oblivious to the fact that
you have already received a detailed job description which you
have digested with care.
After a long and possibly misleading
digression on some minor aspect of the post, he throws out a question
like "would you be able to manage this?" And before you have a
chance to utter either "yes" or "no" he is off on some other tack.
An interviewer like this can be quite
self-important and you may well become distracted or prone to boredom.
Don't yawn or twiddle your thumbs. Above all, don't interrupt the
monologue, for this might be construed as bad manners. Remember
that the goal of any job interview is to impress the selector,
and if you are able to impress without saying a word, why worry?
Indeed, this should be a matter for
rejoicing since the opportunities for you to make a faux pas are
thereby diminished.
People tend to forget that the ability
to listen is every bit as useful as the ability to hold forth.
In circumstances like these it could prove to be your trump card.
There is one kind of interviewer whom
I dislike intensely, and that is the person who regards an interview
not as a meeting of minds but as a form of interrogation. He (or
she) appears motivated by the desire to trip people up and expose
their limitations. And unless you happen to be a hard-boiled politician
who is used to such confrontations, you could get quite flustered
or even angry.
Don't. Try to keep a sense of proportion.
After all, if he's nasty to you, the chances are that he'll be
nasty to all the other candidates, some of whom will not be able
to cope with his barrage of abuse as well as you can.
At times like this you need to keep
your cool. No candidate is perfect, and during your preparation
for an interview you should have identified your weaknesses as
well as your strengths. You should also have developed a strategy
for steering the selector away from your weak points to your strong
points. And if he turns out to be the adversarial type this may
prove easier than you think.
He may wish to dwell on your undistuiguished
six months with Tom Pearce International, in which case you admit
quite freely that things didn't work out as planned on that occasion.
But at the same time you point out that your distinguished record
of service with Bill Brewer & Co is much more relevant to the
job you are after.
Don't go out of your way to pick an
argument, but be firm and polite. You may find this apparent ogre
is quite impressed by a candidate whom he can't reduce to incoherent
mumblings.
Unfortunately there is no knowing in
advance what sort of interviewer or interviewers you are likely
to encounter. But it won't take you long to assess what sort of
experience you are in for once you step inside the interview room.
If later you feel you have not been
given a fair hearing, do not despair. You can always send off a
letter of thanks for the interview in which you highlight one or
two points that you fear you did not get across.
Where do you see yourself
in five years?
- Demonstrate realistic ambition
- Show a flexible approach to career
development
- Express a desire to build on the
training and experience you will receive
- Don't display inflexibility or
a complete lack of ambition.
Any questions?
- When the interviewer invites your
questions make them interesting. Ask about:
- Developments in the business
- What you would be doing in the
first six months
- The people you would be working
with
- How your section relates to the
rest of the business
- The geography of the business and
any requirements to be mobile.
- Don't ask interminably about pay,pensions,
perks and working conditions.
Assessment centres
Assessment centres are selection days
which include a range of activities. These might include:
- Presentations
- Writing letters
- Discussing a topic in a group Isee
box)
- In-tray exercises
- Aptitude tests
- Personality questionnaires
- Interviews.
Presentations
1 Don't read your presentation verbatim
- refer to brief notes
2 Speak clearly and not too fast
3 Aim to be heard at the back of the room
4 Maintain periodic eye contact with the
whole audience
5 Introduce it and have a conclusion
Writing letters
1 Ensure'that your grammar and spelling are
up to scratch
2 Lay out your letter carefully on the paper
3 Remember to be tactful and diplomatic while
at the same time firmly addressing the problem in hand
In-tray exercises
These test your ability to prioritise a range
of problems deciding which is
most important
Remember that for any problem in your in tray
you can:
1 take action - especially if the profitability
of the company or safety of people is at stake
2 delegate - ask a colleague to do something on
your behalf
3 do nothing - some management problems go away
if simply left to take their course.
Aptitude tests
These test verbal, numerical and diagrammatic
reasoning skills.The aim is to achieve the maximum number of right answers
in the time available.
Personality questionnaires
These untimed questionnaires measure traits
such as decisiveness, sociability, independence, the need for variety and
originality. It is wise to complete these in as honest a way as you can.
Don't second guess the selectors.
Final interviews
1 Remember that the most important interviewer
is the one who would be your boss
2 Don't talk down to managers whom you think lack
understanding of your job area - they might know as much or more than you do
3 If the interviewer is talking more than you
are something is wrong - figure out what it might be
4 Express an interest in the employer, thejob
and, if you can, what the interviewers do
5 Always ask when you will hear the result
6 Never suggest that your application springs
from the lack of another option
Great Expectations
The skills that leading European
companies expect today's graduates to possess.
Subject related skills:
- Undergraduate or postgraduate degree
- Excellent academic performance
- Special fields of study
Personal skills:
- Team orientation
- Communication skills
- Mobility
- Flexibility
- Analytical skills
- Creativity
- Initiative
- Social competence
Additional requirements:
- Work experience
- International experience Extra-curricular
activities
- Knowledge of foreign languages
Source: Staufenbiel Survey, 1998
What is strategy consulting?
What strategy consultants do:
- help organisations with strategic decisions
- give advice on planning for the future
- undertake projects on the client's behalf
- conduct the necessary research needed to
carry out projects
- interview the client's customers, competitors
and staff to build up a complete picture
- formulate recommendations
- present their findings to the client
- if client agrees, help to implement strategy
What are the requirements?
- high intellectual standards
- outstanding academic ability
- ability to be analytical and methodical,
yet creative
- good communication skills
- interview skills
- ability to work under extreme pressure
- physical and mental stamina
- pragmatism
- teamworking skills
- ability to work on own initiative
- language skills sometimes required)
- ability to withstand disruption to personal
life, such as having to travel at short notice
Training
A small number of graduates enter directly as
strategic consultants.Those who do spend a least a couple of years as research
associates. They may then be sent to business school to pursue an MBA.
Salaries
Depending on the size of firm and its location,
the few graduates who gain direct entry start at about £20,000. After
five years, this can rise to £33,000.
Professional Bodies
Institute of Management Consultants
32-33 Hatton Garden, London EC4 8DL
Tel:020 7242 2140
Management Consultancies Association
11 West Halkin Street London SW1X 8JL
Tel:020 7235 3897
the ideal salesman is ...
- discreet, direct
- has background on the target
area
- able to talk socially off own
bat
- socially adept
- not arrogant
- flexible
- able to listen
- a good judge of character
- open stance / behaviour
- maintains eye-contact
- keeps up to date
- polite
- able to answer questions and
accept not knowing the answers
- keeps appointments
- punctual
- has rhetorical skills
- ready to help
- convincing
- self confident and self conscious
- tidy in appearance
- able to take measured risks
|