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Interview preparation

On this page:

Interview technique

Key points to remember when jobseeking

Key skills sought by leading companies

What is strategy consulting?

The ideal salesman ...

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Other Careers Information

"There is no such thing as a career path - it is crazy paving and you have to lay it yourself." Dominic Cadbury (from the quotations section)

Ny former office with Hoechst AG in Frankfurt

My old office in Germany ... please note the atrocious approach towards documentation management!


First impressions that count
Taken from a very old photocopied careers hand-out.

It is perfectly possible to leave a job interview feeling frustrated and bewildered. Here are some of the things that can go right but also very wrong

A good many years back I recall emerging from a job interview in a state of complete bewilderment. I felt I had acquitted myself abominably. Not one question had I answered with even an ounce of flair. It was clear that before I submitted myself to another experience of this kind I would have to brush up my interview technique.

No one was as surprised as I was when the organisation in question offered me a position. After my unpolished performance they must have been pretty desperate. But looking back on the event I think I can discern the cause of the problem. It was not so much that I the interviewee was at fault, but that the conduct of the interview had been so bizarre.

Most people prepare for an interview in the belief that the meeting will follow a certain logical pattern. A good interviewer starts off by putting you at ease, goes on to review your background and experience, and then tries to assess how you would cope with the job you are after. A really competent one will be content to let you do most of the talking, interrupting just occasionally to extract information or move the discussion on to another topic. Generally speaking, an interview along these lines will afford
you ample opportunity to give an account of yourself and your ideas.

Unfortunately, not all interviewers even approach the ideal, and while you can usually count on recruitment consultants and personnel officials having been properly trained in the mysteries of selection, it is best to assume that anyone else you meet has not until proved otherwise.

Some interviewers appear to be completely at sea, and you get the impression that they have been detailed to carry out this vital task much against their better judgment. They need something to cling to for reassurance, and this generally turns out to be your cv or application form. As a consequence, the exercise turns out not to be an interview at all, but a detail checking session.

"So you're Arnold Cuthbertson." (Yes). "Born in Keswick, were you?" (Yes). "And you're married?" (Yes). "I see your address is in Harrogate." (That's right) - and so it goes on. There is a strong temptation to provide more elaborate answers, but this does not necessarily work. The poor chap might be put off his stroke and start confusing your educational attainments with your work experience.

When he actually gets round to an open-ended question (one that cannot be answered yes or no) it may be entirely irrelevant. Don't get steamed up about this. After all, he's only doing his best. But you must resist the urge to take over the interiew. Your best policy is to cope as best you can with his queries and try to put him at his ease. This may sound a tall order if you are pretty nervous yourself, but you may well earn his gratitude in the long run.

And that's the whole point. If the man behind the desk feels satisfied with the way the interview is going, you are bound to go up in his esteem.

There is another type of interviewer who exudes complete self-confidence, so much so that it is difficult for you to get a word in edgeways. He is likely to chunter on endlessly about the job or the organisation quite oblivious to the fact that you have already received a detailed job description which you have digested with care.

After a long and possibly misleading digression on some minor aspect of the post, he throws out a question like "would you be able to manage this?" And before you have a chance to utter either "yes" or "no" he is off on some other tack.

An interviewer like this can be quite self-important and you may well become distracted or prone to boredom. Don't yawn or twiddle your thumbs. Above all, don't interrupt the monologue, for this might be construed as bad manners. Remember that the goal of any job interview is to impress the selector, and if you are able to impress without saying a word, why worry?

Indeed, this should be a matter for rejoicing since the opportunities for you to make a faux pas are thereby diminished.

People tend to forget that the ability to listen is every bit as useful as the ability to hold forth. In circumstances like these it could prove to be your trump card.

There is one kind of interviewer whom I dislike intensely, and that is the person who regards an interview not as a meeting of minds but as a form of interrogation. He (or she) appears motivated by the desire to trip people up and expose their limitations. And unless you happen to be a hard-boiled politician who is used to such confrontations, you could get quite flustered or even angry.

Don't. Try to keep a sense of proportion. After all, if he's nasty to you, the chances are that he'll be nasty to all the other candidates, some of whom will not be able to cope with his barrage of abuse as well as you can.

At times like this you need to keep your cool. No candidate is perfect, and during your preparation for an interview you should have identified your weaknesses as well as your strengths. You should also have developed a strategy for steering the selector away from your weak points to your strong points. And if he turns out to be the adversarial type this may prove easier than you think.

He may wish to dwell on your undistuiguished six months with Tom Pearce International, in which case you admit quite freely that things didn't work out as planned on that occasion. But at the same time you point out that your distinguished record of service with Bill Brewer & Co is much more relevant to the job you are after.

Don't go out of your way to pick an argument, but be firm and polite. You may find this apparent ogre is quite impressed by a candidate whom he can't reduce to incoherent mumblings.

Unfortunately there is no knowing in advance what sort of interviewer or interviewers you are likely to encounter. But it won't take you long to assess what sort of experience you are in for once you step inside the interview room.

If later you feel you have not been given a fair hearing, do not despair. You can always send off a letter of thanks for the interview in which you highlight one or two points that you fear you did not get across.



Where do you see yourself in five years?

  • Demonstrate realistic ambition
  • Show a flexible approach to career development
  • Express a desire to build on the training and experience you will receive
  • Don't display inflexibility or a complete lack of ambition.
Any questions?
  • When the interviewer invites your questions make them interesting. Ask about:
  • Developments in the business
  • What you would be doing in the first six months
  • The people you would be working with
  • How your section relates to the rest of the business
  • The geography of the business and any requirements to be mobile.
  • Don't ask interminably about pay,pensions, perks and working conditions.
Assessment centres
Assessment centres are selection days which include a range of activities. These might include:
  • Presentations
  • Writing letters
  • Discussing a topic in a group Isee box)
  • In-tray exercises
  • Aptitude tests
  • Personality questionnaires
  • Interviews.
Presentations
1 Don't read your presentation verbatim - refer to brief notes
2 Speak clearly and not too fast
3 Aim to be heard at the back of the room
4 Maintain periodic eye contact with the whole audience
5 Introduce it and have a conclusion

Writing letters
1 Ensure'that your grammar and spelling are up to scratch
2 Lay out your letter carefully on the paper
3 Remember to be tactful and diplomatic while at the same time firmly addressing the problem in hand

In-tray exercises
These test your ability to prioritise a range of problems deciding which is
most important
Remember that for any problem in your in tray you can:
1 take action - especially if the profitability of the company or safety of people is at stake
2 delegate - ask a colleague to do something on your behalf
3 do nothing - some management problems go away if simply left to take their course.

Aptitude tests
These test verbal, numerical and diagrammatic reasoning skills.The aim is to achieve the maximum number of right answers in the time available.

Personality questionnaires
These untimed questionnaires measure traits such as decisiveness, sociability, independence, the need for variety and originality. It is wise to complete these in as honest a way as you can.
Don't second guess the selectors.

Final interviews
1 Remember that the most important interviewer is the one who would be your boss
2 Don't talk down to managers whom you think lack understanding of your job area - they might know as much or more than you do
3 If the interviewer is talking more than you are something is wrong - figure out what it might be
4 Express an interest in the employer, thejob and, if you can, what the interviewers do
5 Always ask when you will hear the result
6 Never suggest that your application springs from the lack of another option
 


Great Expectations
The skills that leading European companies expect today's graduates to possess.

Subject related skills:

  • Undergraduate or postgraduate degree
  • Excellent academic performance
  • Special fields of study
Personal skills:
  • Team orientation
  • Communication skills
  • Mobility
  • Flexibility
  • Analytical skills
  • Creativity
  • Initiative
  • Social competence
Additional requirements:
  • Work experience
  • International experience Extra-curricular activities
  • Knowledge of foreign languages
Source: Staufenbiel Survey, 1998



What is strategy consulting?

What strategy consultants do:

  • help organisations with strategic decisions
  • give advice on planning for the future
  • undertake projects on the client's behalf
  • conduct the necessary research needed to carry out projects
  • interview the client's customers, competitors and staff to build up a complete picture
  • formulate recommendations
  • present their findings to the client
  • if client agrees, help to implement strategy
What are the requirements?
  • high intellectual standards
  • outstanding academic ability
  • ability to be analytical and methodical, yet creative
  • good communication skills
  • interview skills
  • ability to work under extreme pressure
  • physical and mental stamina
  • pragmatism
  • teamworking skills
  • ability to work on own initiative
  • language skills sometimes required)
  • ability to withstand disruption to personal life, such as having to travel at short notice
Training

A small number of graduates enter directly as strategic consultants.Those who do spend a least a couple of years as research associates. They may then be sent to business school to pursue an MBA.

Salaries

Depending on the size of firm and its location, the few graduates who gain direct entry start at about £20,000. After five years, this can rise to £33,000.

Professional Bodies

Institute of Management Consultants
32-33 Hatton Garden, London EC4 8DL
Tel:020 7242 2140

Management Consultancies Association
11 West Halkin Street London SW1X 8JL
Tel:020 7235 3897


the ideal salesman is ...

  • discreet, direct
  • has background on the target area
  • able to talk socially off own bat
  • socially adept
  • not arrogant
  • flexible
  • able to listen
  • a good judge of character
  • open stance / behaviour
  • maintains eye-contact
  • keeps up to date
  • polite
  • able to answer questions and accept not knowing the answers
  • keeps appointments
  • punctual
  • has rhetorical skills
  • ready to help
  • convincing
  • self confident and self conscious
  • tidy in appearance
  • able to take measured risks

 

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All rights reserved. ©Philip Ralph Johnston 1999
updated 3 Sep 04
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